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Free statistical software is a practical alternative to commercial packages. In general, free statistical software gives results that are the same as the results from commercial programs, and many of the packages are fairly easy to learn, using menu systems, although a few are command-driven. These packages come from a variety of sources, including governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) like UNESCO, and universities, and are also developed by individuals. Some packages are developed for specific purposes (e.g., time series analysis, factor analysis, calculators for probability distributions, etc.), while others are general packages, with a variety of statistical procedures. Others are meta-packages or statistical computing environments, which allow the user to code completely new statistical procedures. This article is a review of the general statistical packages. ==Brief history of free statistical software== Some of the free software packages are from governmental or NGO organizations, such as Epi Info, from CDC〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Epi Info )〕 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and IDAMS from UNESCO. Some other software packages are from smaller or independent organizations or universities, such as Instat〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Instat - an interactive statistical package )〕 or Irristat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Irristat )〕 Two other packages, R, and PSPP are being developed as part of the GNU Project by a large group of individuals, many of them volunteers, all over the world. These packages are notable in that it is not just open source but also free software in the same sense that material written on Wikipedia is free: others can edit, use, and redistribute at will. A large proportion of free statistical software packages, however, are from individuals. Some of these software packages from individuals include Easyreg,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Easy Reg International )〕 MicrOsiris,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= MicOsiris )〕 OpenStat,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= OpenStat )〕 PSPP,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= PSPP )〕 SOFA,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= SOFA- Statistics Open For All )〕 Zelig.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Zelig: Everyone’s Statistical Software )〕 and DataMelt〔(S.V.Chekanov, Scientific Data analysis using Jython Scripting and Java. Book. 497p. (Springer-Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84996-286-5) )〕 At least one package, WinIDAMS, was developed for the purposes of making key technologies available to those who could not otherwise afford them, to empower development.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher= UNESCO )〕 OpenStat and Instat were developed as teaching aids.〔〔 Other packages were developed for specific purposes but can be more generally used. Examples are Irristat,〔 developed for agricultural analysis, and Epi Info,〔 developed for public health. Several of the packages, PSPP, R and Osiris don't appear to give any statements about why they were developed, other than just general use for statistical analysis. These free software packages have been used in a number of scholarly publications. For example, OpenStat was used in a research letter to JAMA〔 〕 and in several published studies. Irristat is used in an agricultural report, 〔FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 174, Rome, 2003, Genotype x environment interactions. Challenges and opportunities for plant breeding and cultivar recommendations, http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/005/Y4391E/y4391e00.htm〕 EasyReg is listed or used in several papers,〔 Harumi Itoa and Darin Lee, Journal of Economics and Business, Volume 57, Issue 1, January–February 2005, Pages 75-95. Assessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on U.S. airline demand. doi 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2004.06.003. Also available here http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Economics/Papers/Papers/2003/2003-16_paper.pdf〕 EpiInfo was also used in several papers,〔 Rahav G, Gabbay R, Ornoy A, Shechtman S, Arnon J, Diav-Citrini O. Primary versus nonprimary cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy, Israel. Emerg Infect Dis (on the Internet ). 2007 Nov (15, 2009 ). Available from http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/11/1791.htm〕〔 Chan P-C, Huang L-M, Wu Y-C, Yang H-L, Chang I-S, Lu C-Y, et al. Tuberculosis in children and adolescents, Taiwan, 1996–2003. Emerg Infect Dis (on the Internet ). 2007 Sep. Available from http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/9/1361.htm〕 R was used in a number of papers and WinIdams was used in other papers. While Microsiris doesn't appear to be used in academic research, the author of the program was one of the original authors of OSIRIS,〔Data Sharing for Demographic Research Knowledge Base, question on OSIRIS, University of Michigan, http://dsdr-kb.psc.isr.umich.edu/answer.html?i=1076〕 which was the starting program from which WinIdams was developed.〔IDAMS, Internationally Developed Data Analysis and Management Software Package. WinIDAMS Reference Manual (release 1.3) UNESCO, 2008. Preface. http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=25081&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=-465.html〕 The author of Microsiris also has contributed or co-contributed several components to WinIdams.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Free statistical software」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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